霧都孤兒電影簡介英文

1. 用英語概括《霧都孤兒》的主要內容

該作以霧都倫敦為背景，講述了一個孤兒悲慘的身世及遭遇。主人公奧利弗在孤兒院長大，經歷學徒生涯，艱苦逃難，誤入賊窩，又被迫與狠毒的凶徒為伍，歷盡無數辛酸，最後在善良人的幫助下，查明身世並獲得了幸福。

該書揭露許多當時的社會問題，如救濟院、童工、以及幫派吸收青少年參與犯罪等。該書曾多次改編為電影、電視及舞台劇。

This work is set in London, a foggy city, and tells the tragic story and experience of an orphan. Oliver, the hero, grew up in an orphanage, experienced apprenticeship, fled hard, strayed into a den of thieves, and was forced to associate with vicious murderers, experiencing countless hardships.

Finally, with the help of good people, he found out his life experience and gained happiness.
The book reveals many social problems at that time, such as almshouse, child labor, and gangs absorbing teenagers to participate in crimes. This book has been adapted into movies, television and stage plays many times.

創作背景

《霧都孤兒》作為英國小說家查爾斯·狄更斯在維多利亞時代的作品。資本主義的發展，使英國成為世界超級大國。但繁華之下，是貧窮和不幸。這種繁榮孕育在危險和骯臟的工廠和煤礦里。階級沖突越發明顯，終於在1836年到1848年中接連爆發。19世紀末期，大英帝國國力逐漸下降。作為一個時代的產物，文學日趨多樣化，許多偉大的作家出現在那個時代。

《霧都孤兒》寫於《濟貧法》通過之時。英國正經歷一場轉變，從一個農業和農村經濟向城市和工業國家的轉變。《濟貧法》允許窮人依賴接受公共援助，卻要求他們進行必要的勞動。為了阻止窮人依賴公共援助，逼迫他們忍受難以想像的痛苦。

因為貧民院的救援聲名狼藉，許多窮人寧死也不尋求公共援助。《濟貧法》沒有提高窮人階級的生活水平，卻對最無助和無奈的下層階級施以懲罰。

2. 《霧都孤兒》的英文簡介

Jean Valjean was an honest man who, through force of desperate circumstance committed the relatively minor crime of stealing a loaf of bread to feed his family, and paid a price out of all proportion with the severity of his crime.

Captured and sentenced to a term of five years』 imprisonment, Valjean spends nineteen years doing hard labour as a result of four failed escape attempts. He emerges from prison on parole, a hardened and bitter man, having encountered little kindness in the course of these nineteen years, and having adapted to the company he was forced to keep.

Because of his criminal record he encounters problems in finding employment, lodgings, and indeed any place in society. Exhausted and demoralised, he finds comfort and accommodation at the home of the Bishop of Digne who shows Valjean kindness and compassion. However, ring the night Valjean surrenders to his experience and degradation of the previous nineteen years which, combined with a sense of hopelessness and worthlessness he has felt since his release, lead him to behave as he has been condemned to do – he steals the Bishop』s silverware.

He is captured and returned to the Bishop who, contrary to Valjean』s expectations, not only tells the police that he gave Valjean the silverware, but insists that Valjean should take two silver candlesticks as well.

This is the first act of kindness and generosity Valjean has encountered in all those nineteen years. Accustomed to having to fight for his very survival, this act of compassion and understanding (whose existence he has long since abandoned and then forgotten) causes him confusion and bewilderment.

While still dazed by his meeting with the Bishop, Valjean reacts once again in an animal-like fashion, doing what he feels he has to do in order to survive, when he steals a coin from a passing young chimney sweep.

This act, contrasting violently with the kindness he has just been shown, brings home to him just what he has become and how far he has fallen.

With a clarity missing for some nineteen years, he sees he has a choice to make – continue upon the path of petty crime and self destruction upon which he is set, or start afresh and follow the example set by the Bishop. He can view people as a means to an end, as potential victims in his quest for survival, or he can live by compassion and understanding, offering help to others, just as he received help from the Bishop.

He determines to start a new life, adopting a new identity and a new mentality in the process.

While Valjean is clearly the principal character and our tale is largely concerned with his efforts to lead a worthwhile life, his destiny is inextricably linked with a whole gamut of characters whose lives become intertwined. This is equally the story of, among many others, Javert (the policeman who pursues Valjean in order to protect society from someone he regards as a dangerous criminal), Fantine (the tragic factory girl who sacrifices herself for the upkeep of her daughter), Cosette (the daughter of Fantine used and abused by the innkeepers into whose care her mother entrusted her), the Thénardiers (the self-centred innkeepers and petty criminals), Eponine (the daughter of the Thénardiers and victim of unrequited love), Marius (an idealistic student who falls in love with the alt Cosette), and the revolutionary students (who seek to incite rebellion against a heartless and uncaring government).

3. 霧都孤兒英文簡介

One of Dickens most enringly popular stories is Oliver Twist, an early work published 1837-8. Like many of his later novels, its central theme is the hardship faced by the dispossessed and those of the outside of tolite society. Oliver himself is born in a workhouse and treated cruelly there as was the norm at the time for pauper children, in particular by Bumble, a parish council official or eadle The story follows Oliver as he escapes the workhouse and runs away to London. Here he receives an ecation in villainy from the criminal gang of Fagin that includes the brutal thief Bill Sikes, the famous artful Dodger and Nancy, Bill whore. Oliver is rescued by the intervention of a benefactor - Mr Brownlow - but the mysterious Monks gets the gang to kidnap the boy again. Nancy intervenes but is murdered viciously by Sikes after she has showed some redeeming qualities and has discovered Monk sinister intention. The story closes happily and with justice for Bumble and the cruel Monks who has hidden the truth of Oliver parentage out of malice. Accusations were made that the book glamorised crime (like the ewgate Group of the period) but Dickens wisely disassociated himself from criminal romances. His achievement was in fact in presenting the underworld and problems of poverty to the well-off in a way rarely attempted previously.

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4. 用英語概括《霧都孤兒》的主要內容

Oliver Twist is born in a workhouse in a provincial town. His mother has been found very sick in the street, and she gives birth to Oliver just before she dies. Oliver is raised under the care of Mrs. Mann and the beadle Mr. Bumble in the workhouse. When it falls to Oliver』s lot to ask for more food on behalf of all the starving children in the workhouse, he is trashed, and then apprenticed to an undertaker, Mr. Sowerberry. Another apprentice of Mr. Sowerberry』s, Noah Claypole insults Oliver』s dead mother and the small and frail Oliver attacks him. However, Oliver is punished severely, and he runs away to London. Here he is picked up by Jack Dawkins or the Artful Dodger as he is called. The Artful Dodger is a member of the Jew Fagin』s gang of boys. Fagin has trained the boys to become pickpockets. The Artful Dodger takes Oliver to Fagin』s den in the London slums, and Oliver, who innocently does not understand that he is among criminals, becomes one of Fagin』s boys.
When Oliver is sent out with The Artful Dodger and another boy on a pickpocket expedition Oliver is so shocked when he realizes what is going on that he and not the two other boys are caught. Fortunately, the victim of the thieves, the old benevolent gentleman, Mr. Brownlow rescues Oliver from arrest and brings him to his house, where the housekeeper, Mrs. Bedwin nurses him back to life after he had fallen sick, and for the first time in his life he is happy.
However, with the help of the brutal murderer Bill Sikes and the prostitute Nancy Fagin kidnaps Oliver. Fagin is prompted to do this by the mysterious Mr. Monks. Oliver is taken along on a burglary expedition in the country. The thieves are discovered in the house of Mrs. Maylie and her adopted niece, Rose, and Oliver is shot and wounded. Sikes escapes. Rose and Mrs. Maylie nurse the wounded Oliver. When he tells them his story they believe him, and he settles with them. While living with Rose and Mrs. Maylie Oliver one day sees Fagin and Monks looking at him in through a window. Nancy discovers that Monks is plotting against Oliver for some reason, bribing Fagin to corrupt his innocence. Nancy also learns that there is some kind of connection between Rose and Oliver; but after having told Rose』s adviser and friend Dr. Losberne about it on the steps of London Bridge, she is discovered by Noah Claypole, who in the meantime has become a member of Fagin』s gang, and Sykes murders her. On his frantic flight away from the crime Sykes accidentally and dramatically hangs himself. Fagin and the rest of the gang are arrested. Fagin is executed after Oliver has visited him in the condemned cell in Newgate Prison. The Artful Dodger is transported after a court scene in which he eloquently defends himself and his class.
Monks』 plot against Oliver is disclosed by Mr. Brownlow. Monks is Oliver』s half-brother seeking all of the inheritance for himself. Oliver』s father』s will states that he will leave money to Oliver on the condition that his reputation is clean. Oliver』s dead mother and Rose were sisters. Monks receives his share of the inheritance and goes away to America. He dies in prison there, and Oliver is adopted by Mr. Brownlow.