Ⅰ 求4篇英文電影讀後感100字左右。
泰坦尼克號
After the appreciation of the film 「Titanic」, I have noticed some meaningful details behind the peoples』 general impression of simply an affectional film. The wreck of the Titanic occurred in 1912, in which the great recession started from the end of the 19th Century still hasn』t ended. Most critics pointed out that the sinking of the Titanic represents the collapse of the Capitalism in the end of the 19th Century. However, I would like to say that, in this movie, the director had not only foreran the crisis of the Capitalism, but also showed some of the human nature, from both gloomy and brilliant aspects, like selfish, mammonish, vainglorious, and love, hope, bravery, faith, and so on. In this essay, I will first reveal this film』s indication of the social context of that age, then I will analyse the two contrary aspects of human nature indicated in this film through some impressive shots.
Under the development of instrial technology, the economy in the Capitalism countries took off. People lived a rich, luxury and expensive life, and this rapid economic development lasted for almost 20 years. People had got used to this kind of life. The huge development in machinery changed people』s life greatly. Innovations of transportation, such as vehicles and tankers, allowed people to travel around. The appearance of these modern transportations was an important milestone of the instrialization. People thus became very confident on human intellectual capabilities. They believed their power of conquering the nature is inapproachable. While the Titanic is also called 「The Ship of Dreamers」, in this film, when it bearing in with the ocean in the darkness, the mysterious ocean represents the unknown nature and the ship itself represents the advanced material capabilities people owned. In a shot that Mr Bruce explains his design of the Titanic, he said 「the ship possesses huge size, stability, luxury, and strength」, and that」 the supremacy will never be challenged」. In fact, all these words can be thought of the symbols of the Capitalism of that time in many people』s eyes. They thought the Capitalism is just like the Titanic, which should be 「unsinkable」. The wonderful way of developing economy would stay in good condition eternally. However, things do not always follow the way people wish to be. The economic recession suddenly attacked the Capitalism countries at the end of the 19th Century. It was not until then that people did not realize the impracticality of their idealized 「unsinkable」 Capitalism. Capitalism will sink. And unfortunately it did sink. Just like the movie shows, when the ship broke into two parts and began to sink quicker and quicker, everybody knows the ship is going to sink, the priest kept reiterating to the disciples,」 the former would has passed away.」
As to the human nature uncovered in this film, can be thought of from both negative and positive aspects. I will first elucidate some gloomy characteristics revealed by the film. The first impressive characteristic may be that the fiancé of Rose, Karl would gain his ends by fair means or foul. When he noticed that Rose has obliquity with Jack, he took out the necklace with a diamond of 56 carats named 「the heart of the ocean」, to request Rose not to leave him. He knows that Rose doesn』t love him, but he chose to use money to keep Rose with him. When Titanic was sinking, both Jack and Karl were trying to trick Rose into getting on the accident boat. Since Karl had already bribed a sailor, he lied to Rose that he would ensure that Jack will also get on the boat. Nevertheless, when Karl himself was rejected to get on the accident boat, he again used an intrigue that he picked up an outcast child and pretended to be the father of the child, and managed to get on the accident boat. Another negative social mood of that time exposed by the film is vanity. Rose』s mother wanted to marry her daughter to Karl just because Karl is extremely rich, while she doesn』t care whether Rose loves him or not. When Jack wearing a suit borrowed from a woman to attend the dinner invited by Karl, he was respected by other guests. However, when he wore his own clothes maybe a little bit shabby, and tried to enter the ballroom to look for Rose, he was driven out by the two guards outside the ballroom. The two respondences depending on Jack』s appearance contrasted sharply, and really very shocking for us to imagine a society like that. Anyway, there are some brilliant aspects of human nature showed in this film. There is love, bravery, faith, and beliefs existing at the scene. The presence of love was impenetrated through the whole film. The love is not only expressed between Jack and Rose, but also exists among the families. When the water was poured into the ship, when men are forced to be obstructed from their wives and children, an old couple held each other tightly in the bed; a father comforted his daughter he will just leave her for a while, just a little while… When Titanic was sinking, some musicians were performing pieces of music, some disciples were praying to Virgin Mary around the priest on their knees…
In conclusion, the film of 「Titanic」 is not simply an affectional story between Jack and Rose. It shows more than love. The wreck of Titanic represents the collapse of the Capitalism, which is considered 「unsinkable」 by most people. The film also shows different aspects of human nature. Some people own strong vainglory, while some other possess much of love; still others are rich in firm faith and beliefs. We should always keep in mind that, no matter how enormous the calamity is, no matter how defective the people are, we should believe there are always more virtue than vice in the world…
功夫熊貓
Or the dream factory has always been the high standard, the screen exquisite detail, vivid characters vivid, touching story twists and turns, the most important thing is it in the most simple and easy to understand that the way of a token, that is - there is no shortcut to the world and Cheats, the only winning Famen is believe in themselves.
More do not want to repeat the story, because it really well. Look at the process, appeared frequently Huiyi people laugh, the whole atmosphere is relaxed and go. This film has done very authentic, a little bit by the Westerners did not interpret the feeling, no matter which story or convey the moods, whether the screen or the details are all the way east; only special is probably the Speaking of modern, such as, for example ok
哈利波特
Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The books chronicle the adventures of the eponymous adolescent wizard Harry Potter, together with Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, his best friends. The central story arc concerns Harry's struggle against the evil wizard Lord Voldemort, who killed Harry's parents in his quest to conquer the wizarding world, after which he seeks to subjugate the Muggle (non-magical) world to his rule.
Ⅱ 求100字左右英文電影觀後感
功夫熊貓
Or the dream factory has always been the high standard, the screen exquisite detail, vivid characters vivid, touching story twists and turns, the most important thing is it in the most simple and easy to understand that the way of a token, that is - there is no shortcut to the world and Cheats, the only winning Famen is believe in themselves.
More do not want to repeat the story, because it really well. Look at the process, appeared frequently Huiyi people laugh, the whole atmosphere is relaxed and go. This film has done very authentic, a little bit by the Westerners did not interpret the feeling, no matter which story or convey the moods, whether the screen or the details are all the way east; only special is probably the Speaking of modern, such as, for example ok
中文意思
還是一貫的夢工場的高水準，畫面精緻細膩，人物生動傳神，故事情節曲折動人，最重要的是它以最簡單易解的方式說明白了一個道理，那就是——世界上沒有任何捷徑和秘籍，唯一的制勝法門就是相信自己。
不想再說更多的劇情，因為它真的很出色。看的過程中，頻頻出現人們會意的笑聲，整個氛圍相當的輕松和愜意。這個片子做得非常地道，一點兒也沒有是由西方人演繹的感覺，不論是故事還是其中傳達的意境，不論是畫面還是其中的細節，都是東方式的；唯一特別的可能就是出現的現代的口語，比如ok之類的。
Ⅲ 一篇英語電影高中生觀後感100字
The Pursuit of Happyness
I was fortunate to see this movie in a screening. I really enjoyed it, and felt that it lived up to the teary and heartwarming trailer. While the movie has an uplifting "go for your dreams" message, the deepest theme is that of family.
Will Smith did a great job as the father trying to protect his son from their circumstances of becoming homeless as much as he can, while at the same time trying to work in the competitive world of stocks as an un-paid intern. Jaden Smith was outstanding as the preschool-aged kid who knows things are going wrong and tries to have a stiff upper lip, but just can't do it all the time.
The story is very touching and was close to home for me. My family has been through some tough times, and this movie just reminded me of how much my parents struggled to provide for our family and yet kept life fun as much as they could. I am excited to go see this with my parents as a way to say thank you.
Ⅳ 英語電影觀後感(100字)
在我看過的所有影片中,《肖申克的救贖》是最能打動我的一部影片。特別是劇中的男主人公在一個風雨交加的黑夜，沖破監獄的圍牆越獄成功後，伸出雙臂擁抱自由的經典畫面，更是深深的震撼著我的心靈。這是對自由的渴望，更是對生命的致敬！
影片《肖申克的救贖》一般被認為是一部勵志片。但是，在我看來，它不僅僅是一部勵志片，更是一部探討生命，自由以及人處於逆境中所迸發出來的超乎想像的潛能的影片。
影片故事集中發生在一個叫肖申克的監獄中，四面都是高牆柵欄，只有抬頭仰望天空時，才會發現外面還有另一個世界。主人公因為法庭的的誤判而被監禁在這里。或許，許多觀眾都會認為主人公的後半生都會在這里度過了。對於監獄里的其他犯人來說，這里或許就是他們以後的歸宿。他們好像已經接受了命運的安排，整天就是打架，賭錢，絲毫不在意大牆內外的不同世界。在他們的內心深處，已經不存在監獄這堵牆了。他們已經放棄了對生命和自由的渴望，但是，對於主人公來說，他沒有放棄……
起初，主人公表現的與其他犯人沒有兩樣，只是一直比較沉默寡言。然而，不再沉默中爆發，就在沉默中滅亡。孰知這長久的沉默是為那最後瞬間的爆發而積蓄著巨大的能量。主人公憑借自己的聰明才智給監獄長洗錢而受到重用，而後又堅持每周給監獄上級寫信，要求撥款在監獄建圖書館。在堅持了幾年的每周寫信後，監獄上級終於同意撥款建圖書館。就這樣，主人公一步一步，悄無聲息的實施著自己的計劃，終於在一個雷雨交加的黑夜，主人公終於沖破了監禁他20年的監獄.。當監獄長看到那幅畫底下的那個大窟窿時，一切都真相大白了。觀眾無不為主人公的聰明智慧所折服，真是大快人心！
20年的時間足以摧毀一個人的意志，消磨一個人的耐心。但是，影片中主人公卻沒有被時間所摧毀，卻顯示出了更強的生命鬥志。當人處於逆境中時，人的潛能到底有多大，誰也不知道。但是，當你對生命和自由有強烈的渴望和追求時，積聚在你內心深處的巨大潛能就會迸發出來，這就是生命的力量，讓我們向生命致敬！
可能有點長，你再刪減一下！！
Ⅳ 英語電影觀後感100字（以下十選八）
飛屋環游記的
What can I say about Pixar? Amazing?? Perfect?? Got to see this at the Cannes Film Festival in France (went on a trip with my family) and Pixar gives us another instant classic: Up.
The movie focuses on 78-year old man Carl Fredrickson's (voiced by Edward Asner) life who always had a dream of going on a journey to South American to see the wilds of it. He buys thousands of balloons just to attach it to his house to float up in the sky. So, he starts with his journey up in the sky in his house with balloons attached to it. Suddenly, he's not alone and somebody's at the door while flying, it's a boy scout kid named Russell. He invites the boy with him on his journey to South America.
Just brilliant and simple story-telling, beautiful visuals as usual with Pixar, awesome voice work, funny and smart dialogue, beautiful score once again by Michael Giacchino & very, very enjoyable characters. Speaking of characters, the highlight of the film: Dug the Dog. A sort of "robot" dog that will have you have you in a lot of stitches each scene that dog is in and that was the case with me. Simply, one of the funniest characters Pixar ever made. Pete Doctor, one of the four Pixar directors (John Lassester, Andrew Stanton, Brad Bird) who directed Monster's Inc (2001) needs and should get nominated for his clever, genius and smart directing of this but if Stanton didn't get the nods for (Finding Nemo and WALL-E) and Bird for (The Incredibles & Ratatouille) which they should of been, then the Oscars are making another HUGE mistake for not nominating this guy for this movie.
Up is the funniest Pixar movie, funnier than the Toy Story movies, A Bug's Life & Finding Nemo which were the funniest, in my opinion. The movie is not just hilarious, it's emotional and sad at times. Like WALL-E, it focuses on the character feelings but not as magical as WALL-E. Still, Up is full of emotional, fun and hilarious proportions. Your in for a BIG ride in this!!
冰河世紀
"Ice" the set begins with a bird veteran "Cock wire" squirrel Scrat caused by the mainland split, then began a mammoth Manny, saber-toothed tiger Diego, sloth Sid iron triangle and their kind are The family set adventure funny journey ...
Cock wire squirrel photographed much, but it will be earth-shattering, full of a "engage in engage in the array" guy, its motive is pure, nothing more than just pine cones, never thought of the enormous impact of their behavior, resulting in serious consequences, However when we disdain its behavior practices, and its specificity, adhere to the unremitting down that we can learn, as long as we see this as a family, to society, will naturally have achieved very good results.
Mammoth Manny, a big but cautious, loved his family, great play, her daughter, strict management and strict teaching: going out can not go beyond a certain range, is not free to make friends, especially the kind friends of the opposite sex, began her daughter did not understand, then after the ordeal, her daughter understand come to understand that blood is thicker than water and what is true friendship, friends, Manny is also modifications for a sterile woman thinking, in reality, the relationship of parents and children how to handle I think targeted, like father Manny and his daughter may give us much inspiration.
Saber-toothed tiger Diego, ferocious despot, the face of pirates led by the nagging wear lip monkeys, without fear that without fear, daring Hendou; However, the White Tiger Girl, second in command of piracy burnouts pitted after Heart unfortunately, gentle side that accentuates, is described as "the hero becomes a prisoner", the white tiger crush abandoned dark from the next;
Sloth Sid is, indeed, everyone bbed "the most stupid and useless" in the name, has been abandoned by their families, but it is very simple and optimistic, gregarious and live comfortably, precisely the most useless key moment will be useful, Most of us are pushovers and do their own is their home, that is, to make contributions to society;
Finally, the ultra-sprouting Sid grandmother, because the old, the same as abandoned by their families, dependencies, and Sid (Sid will not abandon their grandmother), the elderly, had happened, even if the inconstancy of human relationships, but the mentality of super- step down when the cover I play: actually the whales when the pet (take a look at, you would dare to raise, only my super Meng grandmother), and finally also done a great save everyone, the elderly, there are many place in the play of their heat ... to support his caring for the elderly
阿甘正傳
To be honest, I've never seen anyone like Forrest Gump in a movie before.Forrest Gump who is unfortunately to be born with a lower IQ and the muscle problem, usually, people always think this kind of person can't be successful in doing anything. But, instead, this unlucky man has achieved lots of incredible success, he is a football star, a war hero, and later a millionaire!
Forrest Gump not only shares his innocence and purity with others, ,he also manages to retain that innocence through some very difficult times. I love Forrest that he doesn't lose his purity through the movie, or maybe he just can't ,but either way, this shows us don't need to be evil or really intelligent to be recognised or successful.
It is just a movie, so maybe it doesn't work like that in reality.A simply means is that the acting and story of this film got a high level like the real . And in my definition that's what a good movie should be able to do.
忠犬八公
I watched Hachiko: A Dog』s Story days ago, eyes filling with tear. It』s really a fantasticly moving film.
The plot went as: A college professor (Richard Gere) took in an abandoned dog and they formed an unbreakable bond. The dog arrived daily at the correct time at the station, to meet his owner. After the professor died while away from home, the dog kept vigil waiting for his master for nearly a decade.
To wait for your love for a decade, which contains almost the whole life-time of Hachi, it』s an incredible dedication that we human beings never has. This is why the film strikes us a lot.
No one has the ability to show his love to only one person ring his whole life, let alone make friends with only one people; have the food that never changes year by year; do the same damn thing without complaining and conciousness of exhaustion. We can』t! However, what we could learn from Hachi is that we should never forget the one we once loved.
A detail in the movie catches my eyes. One day when professor was on his way to school, Hachi fetched the tennis ball as he was taught years ago. But ring the last several years, he never did like that, because to fetch a ball in this way is not his instinct. Why Hachi did so? He wants to entertain his master for more palatable food, for a hug? I』m afraid not.
Research and statistics prove that pets are more sensitive in human』s potantial deseases than us do. Hachi fetched that ball because he knew that his master is going to die because of his heart desease. It』s his only way to hold him back.
Hachi has been waiting in the weeds, waiting for his only fellow to walk him home. His hope has been floating in the breeze, carrying his loneliness and misery all above the ground. Maybe professor knows, but he could never come back.
冰雪公主
I watched a film in computer, the film is named <Ice Princess>.
Although this is a typical commercial film, but deeply touched my heart. Only sticking to dream can we realize to it. I remember when cancy gave up Harvard, she and her mother have such a conversation:
Mother: Cancy, you can't do this, you are giving up your dream!
Cancy: No, mom, I'm giving up your dream!
See here, I understand why this movie will have so much resonance. I feel like Cancy, the parent holding her give up her's dream, but never thought about whether her wants. I admire Cancy, when she faces her mother love things, but she doesn』t like to it, she has the courage to refuse it. A dream for many people, the word may indeed just a dream, only to survive in the heart, never thought I could go for, only too much because they can not cast aside, after the failure of total fear nothing. Indeed, the cruel reality can really frustrate a person's enthusiasm. Yes, I still want to give it ago, the same as Cancy.
The film also does make my mind suddenly had a big change, I began to call upon their past, are beginning to understand the way the future. It must be my own. The need to pursue the dream of the cost, I must learn to give up a lot of other things. Thinking many times, each time hit my heart. Touched me the most is that race credits Cancy, the mother arrived at the scene that period. I think, no more than the support of parents had more power to you.Thus we should be respect our parents and persuade them support our dream, then we feel very happy.
Ⅵ 英語電影觀後感100字
黑寡婦😄！這種事情就應該這樣的生活習慣不需要的東西就是我喜歡我就算再做的一切我會努力堅持的人也可以的……在乎自己在乎什麼都會得到更重要嗎……不過這個問題也可以了……不過這個問題就是我們可以嗎……在線等方面都能做到這方面做些不該考慮一下我們的事就不要輕易地選擇放棄！
Ⅶ 求5篇英文電影的觀後感100字 電影是5個英文的 觀後感要中文的100字
哈利波特觀後感
哈利·波特是一個系列的七個幻想小說由英國作家J.K.羅琳寫的。書中記述的同名青少年巫師哈利·波特的冒險，加上韋斯萊和赫敏，他最好的朋友。中心故事是關於哈利的斗爭，邪惡的巫師伏地魔，他征服了魔法世界殺了哈利的父母，之後他試圖征服麻瓜（非魔法世界對他的統治）。
後天觀後感
今天，我們看了一部電影，這部電影的名字叫做：後天。這部電影講的是：世界發生了成為世界冷事務，播放的是什麼等地區溫度急劇下降在紐約電影中，幾乎每個下降超過十度。天空依然下可怕的冰雹，還有更害怕的龍卷風，紐約城在一瞬間變成了破城被龍卷風穿過後，更使整個城市變成了一個沒有結果。這真的讓人觸目驚心，使人的心不平靜的一旦落在很長一段時間，雖然電影中十分誇張，可是我們現在還不是這樣：全球變暖……所以請同學們從自己動手，環境保護起來，讓我們的環境更美麗！
戰馬
戰馬是如此精彩的電影。這部電影超過了我的期望。它是移動的，情感的，美麗的，和如此感人。這一定會成為經典。你不必是一個馬的愛人愛這部電影。沒有太多的血，但你仍然可以看到戰爭的恐怖和士兵和馬匹是多麼強烈，以及平民。索姆河戰役是特別強烈的場景。表演很精彩，攝影是美麗的，約翰威廉姆斯的得分是完美的，和馬都受過良好的訓練！斯皮爾伯格做了一個傑作！
贖罪
「贖罪」講述了一個年輕女孩的故事（Saoirse羅南）誰證人一個可怕的事情，這改變了許多生活。什麼是真實，什麼是真理？「贖罪」在這些科目。喬Wright執導了一個輝煌的戲劇，美麗的風景和偉大的故事發揮最大的部分。由伊恩McEwan的精彩的小說是安裝在銀幕上飛馳。懸念是緊緊的抱著你對它的控制。音樂支持電影和觸摸到了令人愉快的故事。鑄造特別是傑姆斯麥卡沃伊羅比和年輕有為的Saoirse羅南布萊妮救他們的角色出現。凡妮莎雷德格雷夫的外觀也大。情節場景技術是想像力和非常介意取笑是情節的一個非常重要的因素。這是非常令人驚訝，總監賴特沒有得到奧斯卡提名為他的成就。克里斯托弗漢普頓的劇本在奧斯卡頒獎典禮也失去了。萊特和漢普頓做得很好。但這顯然是一個年科恩兄弟，很好賺的課程。他很高興達里奧獲得最佳音樂藝術成就金像。\「贖罪」是一個聰明的，漂亮的，情感和感人的經驗。絕對值得一看！
羅馬假日 Roman Holiday (1953)的英文觀後感
公主來到羅馬有一個公共訪問。作為一個年輕的女孩，她厭倦了不斷的無味的活動。一天晚上，她悄悄地從她的起居室。當她來到羅馬街上，她深受義大利普通生活的吸引。最後她太累了，睡在街上。一位美國記者喬無意中看到她把不幸的是她自己的公寓。當他得知自己的真實身份，一個有趣的和浪漫的旅程開始了。在真理之口所發生的是影片中最有趣的場景。雖然他們有一天呆在一起，他們的愛情會永恆。真正的愛情是不到多久你留在你的另一半。
Ⅷ 看英語電影觀後感100字
你好：
<後天>觀後感
Today, we watched a movie, the name of this movie was called:The day after tomorrow.What this movie speaks BE:A world happened to become cold affairs in the world,What to broadcast it is an etc. the region temperature nasty play in New York to descend in the movie, is almost each to descend more than ten degree.The sky still descends terrible hail, also having more afraid of of
Tornado, city in New York became to break city for an instant after being cut through by tornado, making the whole city become more without results one.
This really lets the person touch eyes shocking, make the person's heart can't fall calm once in a very long while, although exaggerate very in the movie, but we now not just so:world become warm...So ask the classmates to rise from the do-it-yourself, environmental protection, make our environments more beautiful!
Ⅸ 急求一篇高一水平的英語電影影評（80~100字）
呼嘯山莊 Wuthering Heights
Time has not been completely kind to the 1939 version of "Wuthering Heights". Intended as a great tearjerker, it now comes across almost as camp. The hammy performances and dramatic dialogue are very entertaining, however.
The Emily Bronte classic has been condensed to feature the romance between Cathy and Heathcliff. Petulant beauty Cathy (Merle Oberon) and her sadistic, self-destructive brother Hindley (Hugh Williams) inherit the Wuthering Heights estate from their benevolent father (Cecil Humphreys). Left out is brooding adopted son/gypsy/stableboy Heathcliff (Lawrence Olivier). Since society would frown on their relationship, Cathy mps Heathcliff for wealthy snob neighbor David Niven. Heathcliff vows revenge on all concerned, which he does upon making his fortune.
Oberon and Olivier had been teamed up before in the highly successful "Divorce of Lady X" from 1938, but Olivier, not yet a star in America, had wanted lover Vivien Leigh (they would wed in 1940) as Cathy. United Artists instead offered Leigh the secondary lead, which she declined. ("Gone with the Wind" gave her a better role anyway). Ironically, Oberon and Olivier supposedly detested each other. Hollywood legend has it that when Director William Wyler yelled "cut" after a particularly romantic scene, Oberon shouted at him "Tell him [Olivier] to stop spitting on me!"
"Wuthering Heights" had excellent proction values. The sets, especially the rocky crags, are elaborate, as are Oberon's costumes. The film was rewarded with box office success and a slew of Oscar nominations: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor (Olivier), Best Original (?) Screenplay (Ben Hecht), Best Art Direction (James Basevi), Best Cinematography (Gregg Toland), Best Score (Alfred Newman), Best Supporting Actress (Geraldine Fitzgerald). Given strong competition from films such as "Gone with the Wind", "Wuthering Heights" did not win any awards.
Ⅹ 5篇100字左右的英文電影的觀後感，要用英語啊
變形金剛
I honestly don't know where to start with this movie. I will say however, that - like many other people - this is the film I've been waiting 20 years to see.
I suppose it's sensible to start with what should be the foundation stone of any cinematic experience - the script. It's cheesy, cliché-ridden, and poorly-structured. Characterisation (especially of the Autobots/Decepticons) is non-existent. Optimus Prime uttering the words "My bad" must go down in history as one of the worst moments in movie history. Actually scratch that - the "lubricating" scene is definitely worse. The writing of human characters is lazy at best, sticking with stereotypes such as the beautiful code-breaker, fat computer whizz, bumbling government agent etc etc. The performances (Shia aside) are instantly forgettable, but a great deal of that comes down to the script and direction. Megan Fox may be a great actress for all I know, but she may as well be a stripper for the purposes of this movie.
The effects are incredible (although not helped by Bay's erratic editing style), but when you've no reason to care about them it results in an empty experience. Effects DON'T MAKE A MOVIE.
With Spielberg as part of this project I allowed myself a little optimism, but it's patently clear that Bay and Co. had no understanding or respect for the Transformers franchise. GIANT "FLIPPING" ROBOTS BLOWING "STUFF" UP this may be, but it is most certainly not Transformers.